Block #626,492

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 7/10/2014, 7:12:40 AM · Difficulty 10.9605 · 6,183,664 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
b7f1e414b4d394d6f3cbe3c76255d8e7d21d3972d6c1d6557673aa222fa0b093

Height

#626,492

Difficulty

10.960485

Transactions

12

Size

14.80 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af5e25d

Nonce

2,000,332

Timestamp

7/10/2014, 7:12:40 AM

Confirmations

6,183,664

Merkle Root

2c1b7fcdb1133e13ae5373e905f56cf7128f71d46a7ad4b75bbdd792e046e78a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.932 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
59322264708204256012…40984602620549886719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.932 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
59322264708204256012…40984602620549886719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.932 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
59322264708204256012…40984602620549886721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.186 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11864452941640851202…81969205241099773439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.186 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11864452941640851202…81969205241099773441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.372 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23728905883281702405…63938410482199546879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.372 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23728905883281702405…63938410482199546881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.745 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
47457811766563404810…27876820964399093759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.745 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
47457811766563404810…27876820964399093761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
9.491 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
94915623533126809620…55753641928798187519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
9.491 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
94915623533126809620…55753641928798187521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,725,314 XPM·at block #6,810,155 · updates every 60s
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