Block #621,291

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/7/2014, 9:05:28 AM · Difficulty 10.9517 · 6,173,131 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4316c7d9c56702bab8143eeca2db94255d50005d84f926b45044705879c79a36

Height

#621,291

Difficulty

10.951713

Transactions

4

Size

1.19 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af3a372

Nonce

1,458,627,148

Timestamp

7/7/2014, 9:05:28 AM

Confirmations

6,173,131

Merkle Root

f74e5a63ffb01267ceb207369e7ef1ada6d74b08cbd4122f827a933e3acee0e8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.560 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
55601868540776454048…69928308953027758801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.560 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
55601868540776454048…69928308953027758801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.112 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11120373708155290809…39856617906055517601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.224 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22240747416310581619…79713235812111035201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.448 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
44481494832621163238…59426471624222070401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.896 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
88962989665242326477…18852943248444140801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.779 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17792597933048465295…37705886496888281601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.558 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
35585195866096930591…75411772993776563201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.117 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
71170391732193861182…50823545987553126401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.423 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14234078346438772236…01647091975106252801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.846 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
28468156692877544472…03294183950212505601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
5.693 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
56936313385755088945…06588367900425011201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,599,411 XPM·at block #6,794,421 · updates every 60s
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