Block #604,070

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 6/27/2014, 12:34:32 PM · Difficulty 10.9111 · 6,202,242 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
64cb8692c42d3e8fa099d06d597c413619f1d8233b694259119e8c230c699324

Height

#604,070

Difficulty

10.911060

Transactions

7

Size

2.10 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae93b40

Nonce

39,555,297

Timestamp

6/27/2014, 12:34:32 PM

Confirmations

6,202,242

Merkle Root

09ed42dd04414a659502734ae69d41f7827cee36d876a8eec21bd2661439e4eb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.554 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15544866623912575654…34388377928026030079
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.554 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15544866623912575654…34388377928026030079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.554 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15544866623912575654…34388377928026030081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.108 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
31089733247825151308…68776755856052060159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.108 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
31089733247825151308…68776755856052060161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
6.217 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
62179466495650302617…37553511712104120319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
6.217 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
62179466495650302617…37553511712104120321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.243 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12435893299130060523…75107023424208240639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.243 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12435893299130060523…75107023424208240641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.487 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
24871786598260121047…50214046848416481279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.487 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
24871786598260121047…50214046848416481281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,694,584 XPM·at block #6,806,311 · updates every 60s
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