Block #584,584

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 6/11/2014, 2:07:04 PM · Difficulty 10.9548 · 6,221,104 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
356750d03f250284722741a6a522081fc1985415a9d801c2bb4ecab5c827eb8d

Height

#584,584

Difficulty

10.954778

Transactions

11

Size

3.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af46c4e

Nonce

810,623,958

Timestamp

6/11/2014, 2:07:04 PM

Confirmations

6,221,104

Merkle Root

a1c4cb1ed7839be58fa281cab9610bde488f51ae1988a6b4b68fe85381cd6bd3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.767 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17670745025757446985…02092317848098730239
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.767 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17670745025757446985…02092317848098730239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.767 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17670745025757446985…02092317848098730241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.534 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35341490051514893971…04184635696197460479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.534 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35341490051514893971…04184635696197460481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.068 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70682980103029787943…08369271392394920959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.068 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70682980103029787943…08369271392394920961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.413 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14136596020605957588…16738542784789841919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.413 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14136596020605957588…16738542784789841921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.827 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28273192041211915177…33477085569579683839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.827 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28273192041211915177…33477085569579683841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,689,585 XPM·at block #6,805,687 · updates every 60s
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