Block #57,646

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/17/2013, 4:00:40 PM · Difficulty 8.9556 · 6,752,209 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
241058aa38f7b5207dd21a8889fdb6c248ae965cb06714bddf4f034952887ed5

Height

#57,646

Difficulty

8.955597

Transactions

4

Size

1.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

08f4a1fa

Nonce

163

Timestamp

7/17/2013, 4:00:40 PM

Confirmations

6,752,209

Merkle Root

7526011a58a2b3764cb498805f0dcaea640539592b460cea160801705b474f2b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.190 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
81909433284204627338…42245490583985699861
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.190 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
81909433284204627338…42245490583985699861
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.638 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16381886656840925467…84490981167971399721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.276 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
32763773313681850935…68981962335942799441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.552 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
65527546627363701870…37963924671885598881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.310 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13105509325472740374…75927849343771197761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.621 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26211018650945480748…51855698687542395521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.242 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
52422037301890961496…03711397375084791041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.048 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10484407460378192299…07422794750169582081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,722,927 XPM·at block #6,809,854 · updates every 60s
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