Block #575,794

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 6/4/2014, 4:30:57 AM · Difficulty 10.9685 · 6,238,222 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
94d325c42100bef2e49d1cd4f49a0cc66523e05ae48ce4e4991e86f4e0e1ef75

Height

#575,794

Difficulty

10.968519

Transactions

7

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af7f0e3

Nonce

30,775,167

Timestamp

6/4/2014, 4:30:57 AM

Confirmations

6,238,222

Merkle Root

05e1d4731ccf0cf655519b5baadcae9b0f29aaac51eb2a0bb472b9696fcc26f6
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.469 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14692813561113077389…03782001479625025999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.469 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14692813561113077389…03782001479625025999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.469 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14692813561113077389…03782001479625026001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.938 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29385627122226154778…07564002959250051999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.938 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29385627122226154778…07564002959250052001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.877 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
58771254244452309557…15128005918500103999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.877 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
58771254244452309557…15128005918500104001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.175 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11754250848890461911…30256011837000207999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.175 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11754250848890461911…30256011837000208001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.350 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23508501697780923822…60512023674000415999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.350 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23508501697780923822…60512023674000416001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,756,212 XPM·at block #6,814,015 · updates every 60s
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