Block #57,502

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/17/2013, 3:05:54 PM · Difficulty 8.9548 · 6,737,450 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
943884d248958cc907bf75098e5e8af2ce79ac4c19d7682188cbd4ed4ab6f643

Height

#57,502

Difficulty

8.954804

Transactions

5

Size

2.40 KB

Version

2

Bits

08f46e06

Nonce

599

Timestamp

7/17/2013, 3:05:54 PM

Confirmations

6,737,450

Merkle Root

cc439f42f1dfc87a5d275919ef3aa049f8cb4ea498dffabd3f25192f5a58f762
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.223 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
12234828005872740705…12033044644664985101
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.223 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
12234828005872740705…12033044644664985101
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.446 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
24469656011745481410…24066089289329970201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.893 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
48939312023490962820…48132178578659940401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.787 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
97878624046981925640…96264357157319880801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.957 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19575724809396385128…92528714314639761601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.915 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39151449618792770256…85057428629279523201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.830 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
78302899237585540512…70114857258559046401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.566 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15660579847517108102…40229714517118092801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,603,652 XPM·at block #6,794,951 · updates every 60s
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