Block #570,661

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/31/2014, 11:49:52 PM · Difficulty 10.9648 · 6,234,341 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1b8453c9e6759fcbd25f28f7a23b8c3df59cac0ab160baf924740b91c570dfb9

Height

#570,661

Difficulty

10.964840

Transactions

1

Size

766 B

Version

2

Bits

0af6ffc3

Nonce

205,404

Timestamp

5/31/2014, 11:49:52 PM

Confirmations

6,234,341

Merkle Root

1a2ef65a92451f10f2cb3502a600f952b150dbcda8c5e9fa7a33d4c98062e305
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.708 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17089496811736601618…56203723764432916801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.708 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17089496811736601618…56203723764432916801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.417 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34178993623473203237…12407447528865833601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.835 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68357987246946406474…24814895057731667201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.367 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13671597449389281294…49629790115463334401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.734 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27343194898778562589…99259580230926668801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.468 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
54686389797557125179…98519160461853337601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.093 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10937277959511425035…97038320923706675201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.187 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21874555919022850071…94076641847413350401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.374 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43749111838045700143…88153283694826700801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.749 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
87498223676091400286…76306567389653401601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,684,087 XPM·at block #6,805,001 · updates every 60s
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