Block #561,283

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/25/2014, 11:01:25 AM · Difficulty 10.9648 · 6,263,222 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c9023f5b4f97c04b00014626d781299c31880e4225524b2d599a40f0061e38a7

Height

#561,283

Difficulty

10.964751

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af6f9ef

Nonce

440,409,177

Timestamp

5/25/2014, 11:01:25 AM

Confirmations

6,263,222

Merkle Root

89f1534101fc14990c48efb0af89e0ac5de69514000e758ffac4d5ec090bd466
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.730 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17306771740487786490…25991699600450608641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.730 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17306771740487786490…25991699600450608641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.461 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34613543480975572980…51983399200901217281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.922 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
69227086961951145961…03966798401802434561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.384 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13845417392390229192…07933596803604869121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.769 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
27690834784780458384…15867193607209738241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.538 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
55381669569560916769…31734387214419476481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.107 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11076333913912183353…63468774428838952961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.215 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22152667827824366707…26937548857677905921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.430 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44305335655648733415…53875097715355811841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.861 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
88610671311297466830…07750195430711623681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
1.772 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17722134262259493366…15500390861423247361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,840,100 XPM·at block #6,824,504 · updates every 60s
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