Block #560,664

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/24/2014, 11:07:09 PM · Difficulty 10.9654 · 6,230,340 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b9de7223be179d15ff73adbb2844945817fac8ba543e7b44ebc69707b69d3fea

Height

#560,664

Difficulty

10.965388

Transactions

7

Size

1.53 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af723ac

Nonce

157,230,512

Timestamp

5/24/2014, 11:07:09 PM

Confirmations

6,230,340

Merkle Root

1d07f17f2e47e831f8471a932b062f197f3a82087eb9efc85d415abb1694c694
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.496 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64961435396691749245…18268190182379192321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.496 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64961435396691749245…18268190182379192321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.299 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12992287079338349849…36536380364758384641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.598 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25984574158676699698…73072760729516769281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.196 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
51969148317353399396…46145521459033538561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.039 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10393829663470679879…92291042918067077121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.078 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
20787659326941359758…84582085836134154241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.157 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
41575318653882719517…69164171672268308481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.315 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
83150637307765439034…38328343344536616961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.663 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16630127461553087806…76656686689073233921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.326 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
33260254923106175613…53313373378146467841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,572,047 XPM·at block #6,791,003 · updates every 60s