Block #556,993

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/22/2014, 3:57:15 PM · Difficulty 10.9627 · 6,255,565 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
74d7e536cbb149088a63d5c5f055b0ed0a335213b1972bc9c1b8fcdb008e83bf

Height

#556,993

Difficulty

10.962702

Transactions

14

Size

3.21 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af673a3

Nonce

1,059,856,016

Timestamp

5/22/2014, 3:57:15 PM

Confirmations

6,255,565

Merkle Root

20211ed06ae81327b48d54ed80eb9ff1150a87ce91b349b671209ced013c53ee
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.221 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
92218516631186463602…80793790341157217281
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.221 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
92218516631186463602…80793790341157217281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.844 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18443703326237292720…61587580682314434561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.688 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
36887406652474585441…23175161364628869121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.377 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
73774813304949170882…46350322729257738241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.475 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14754962660989834176…92700645458515476481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.950 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29509925321979668352…85401290917030952961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.901 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59019850643959336705…70802581834061905921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.180 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11803970128791867341…41605163668123811841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.360 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23607940257583734682…83210327336247623681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.721 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
47215880515167469364…66420654672495247361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
9.443 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
94431761030334938729…32841309344990494721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,744,495 XPM·at block #6,812,557 · updates every 60s
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