Block #551,318

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/18/2014, 6:16:00 PM · Difficulty 10.9621 · 6,247,953 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
da383ced98b4c4871925452d1667ed689496f679413d20c53bab36d67fa70f05

Height

#551,318

Difficulty

10.962112

Transactions

9

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af64cfa

Nonce

299,707,964

Timestamp

5/18/2014, 6:16:00 PM

Confirmations

6,247,953

Merkle Root

bb41866347d8c7f5f9689ada0404743e83d1d90a00a06b1c392402cb84a2b7b5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.411 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
94119531415670900435…33970514170659368961
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.411 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
94119531415670900435…33970514170659368961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.882 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18823906283134180087…67941028341318737921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.764 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37647812566268360174…35882056682637475841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.529 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
75295625132536720348…71764113365274951681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.505 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15059125026507344069…43528226730549903361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.011 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
30118250053014688139…87056453461099806721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.023 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
60236500106029376278…74112906922199613441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.204 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12047300021205875255…48225813844399226881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.409 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
24094600042411750511…96451627688798453761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.818 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
48189200084823501023…92903255377596907521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,638,208 XPM·at block #6,799,270 · updates every 60s
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