Block #540,263

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/13/2014, 1:33:09 AM · Difficulty 10.9328 · 6,269,358 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
59b4b53d946af99f9e055d0d49785e8946304f2b5997c2286a946dd5e99ec777

Height

#540,263

Difficulty

10.932766

Transactions

2

Size

3.75 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aeec9bc

Nonce

338,772,630

Timestamp

5/13/2014, 1:33:09 AM

Confirmations

6,269,358

Merkle Root

36f0c6f8552bbf454d09ecc1d15ab9f97e3f946448e020379873bc11fa2bf4fe
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.823 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18239221826466550937…11291754592649238401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.823 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18239221826466550937…11291754592649238401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.647 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
36478443652933101875…22583509185298476801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.295 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
72956887305866203750…45167018370596953601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.459 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14591377461173240750…90334036741193907201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.918 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29182754922346481500…80668073482387814401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.836 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
58365509844692963000…61336146964775628801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.167 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11673101968938592600…22672293929551257601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.334 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23346203937877185200…45344587859102515201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.669 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
46692407875754370400…90689175718205030401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
9.338 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
93384815751508740800…81378351436410060801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,721,045 XPM·at block #6,809,620 · updates every 60s
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