Block #538,809

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/12/2014, 11:38:30 AM · Difficulty 10.9239 · 6,257,197 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
51ade42651e6a84919ec92eca896de9c2839c8b6236ccd2722f20ff88e33c2b6

Height

#538,809

Difficulty

10.923933

Transactions

3

Size

738 B

Version

2

Bits

0aec86dd

Nonce

258,508,319

Timestamp

5/12/2014, 11:38:30 AM

Confirmations

6,257,197

Merkle Root

68b4f24f2aa333d7f0cffbfb4245a23ac4792852677585704985825be84cacef
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.524 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
45241697351645533074…09588741885050111841
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.524 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
45241697351645533074…09588741885050111841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.048 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
90483394703291066149…19177483770100223681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.809 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18096678940658213229…38354967540200447361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.619 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
36193357881316426459…76709935080400894721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.238 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
72386715762632852919…53419870160801789441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.447 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14477343152526570583…06839740321603578881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.895 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28954686305053141167…13679480643207157761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.790 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
57909372610106282335…27358961286414315521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.158 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11581874522021256467…54717922572828631041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.316 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23163749044042512934…09435845145657262081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,137 XPM·at block #6,796,005 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.