Block #53,625

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/16/2013, 4:16:31 PM · Difficulty 8.9255 · 6,750,171 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
818e6fb65e243e5deeccf987a48778355eb2bfb0d1fbd4fa2e8947fffc987b64

Height

#53,625

Difficulty

8.925496

Transactions

3

Size

520 B

Version

2

Bits

08eced47

Nonce

973

Timestamp

7/16/2013, 4:16:31 PM

Confirmations

6,750,171

Merkle Root

a249f45b11c13a965dc08d2feeb98074cf061b0fdaa7cc1149257988ecbd6967
Transactions (3)
1 in → 1 out12.5600 XPM110 B
1 in → 1 out12.8700 XPM159 B
1 in → 1 out12.6500 XPM158 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.309 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
83092558300338526843…58911837507088140001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.309 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
83092558300338526843…58911837507088140001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.661 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16618511660067705368…17823675014176280001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.323 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
33237023320135410737…35647350028352560001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.647 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
66474046640270821474…71294700056705120001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.329 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
13294809328054164294…42589400113410240001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.658 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
26589618656108328589…85178800226820480001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.317 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
53179237312216657179…70357600453640960001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.063 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
10635847462443331435…40715200907281920001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,674,410 XPM·at block #6,803,795 · updates every 60s
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