Block #536,094

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/11/2014, 6:46:54 AM · Difficulty 10.9074 · 6,273,723 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a18445ccb28dbb52a2ed6495c0c1d10982dc08644a04ba6ba388b32f21e9cc17

Height

#536,094

Difficulty

10.907420

Transactions

6

Size

2.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae84ca5

Nonce

77,974,106

Timestamp

5/11/2014, 6:46:54 AM

Confirmations

6,273,723

Merkle Root

cd064a8f557db4b4312aa5cd400a41aecdff3432a79108802b30fb7922686707
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.060 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
90608963323739180836…03525386880320744559
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.060 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
90608963323739180836…03525386880320744559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.060 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
90608963323739180836…03525386880320744561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.812 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18121792664747836167…07050773760641489119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.812 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18121792664747836167…07050773760641489121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.624 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36243585329495672334…14101547521282978239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.624 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36243585329495672334…14101547521282978241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.248 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
72487170658991344669…28203095042565956479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.248 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
72487170658991344669…28203095042565956481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.449 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14497434131798268933…56406190085131912959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.449 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14497434131798268933…56406190085131912961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,722,619 XPM·at block #6,809,816 · updates every 60s
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