Block #528,824

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/6/2014, 9:07:07 PM · Difficulty 10.8884 · 6,269,748 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
43f0d4990f77bca2229e5e214a0f3545779a5da9fc4f8cdd5533d91974958717

Height

#528,824

Difficulty

10.888363

Transactions

7

Size

1.53 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae36bca

Nonce

31,473,024

Timestamp

5/6/2014, 9:07:07 PM

Confirmations

6,269,748

Merkle Root

53cc5a6384ae628934b6e3872b896f1d7b1ef2a48678d11c1c17983ae251ee8a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.739 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17397724624900505215…31070371727812953601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.739 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17397724624900505215…31070371727812953601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.479 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34795449249801010431…62140743455625907201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.959 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
69590898499602020862…24281486911251814401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.391 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13918179699920404172…48562973822503628801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.783 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
27836359399840808344…97125947645007257601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.567 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
55672718799681616689…94251895290014515201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.113 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11134543759936323337…88503790580029030401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.226 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22269087519872646675…77007581160058060801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.453 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44538175039745293351…54015162320116121601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.907 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
89076350079490586703…08030324640232243201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,632,594 XPM·at block #6,798,571 · updates every 60s
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