Block #528,811

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/6/2014, 8:55:46 PM · Difficulty 10.8884 · 6,277,703 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
50d436ee6d8c31341390348131c60897291e8d472241b8b58e989edee70acb8c

Height

#528,811

Difficulty

10.888402

Transactions

1

Size

664 B

Version

2

Bits

0ae36e4c

Nonce

7,983

Timestamp

5/6/2014, 8:55:46 PM

Confirmations

6,277,703

Merkle Root

2e97412c092a4f1a61b89ef7299fb8abeacd97e03474a7cf80663806b0f61153
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.363 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23631342894350261977…28831156485354404481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.363 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23631342894350261977…28831156485354404481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.726 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
47262685788700523955…57662312970708808961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.452 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
94525371577401047911…15324625941417617921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.890 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18905074315480209582…30649251882835235841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.781 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37810148630960419164…61298503765670471681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.562 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
75620297261920838329…22597007531340943361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.512 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15124059452384167665…45194015062681886721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.024 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30248118904768335331…90388030125363773441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.049 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
60496237809536670663…80776060250727546881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.209 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12099247561907334132…61552120501455093761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,696,210 XPM·at block #6,806,513 · updates every 60s
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