Block #527,036

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/5/2014, 6:35:31 PM · Difficulty 10.8839 · 6,277,284 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
326fac811a0e6dfe9a84244e8a7679e27aa902b52f2b4cce002559c98c533878

Height

#527,036

Difficulty

10.883899

Transactions

10

Size

2.59 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae24733

Nonce

160,178,428

Timestamp

5/5/2014, 6:35:31 PM

Confirmations

6,277,284

Merkle Root

bd83b38e0cbf4fd3779b253e84cd03ca71f83bfafdc7bc03968a0f326f01c23e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.548 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
55487261635352113862…26816554620003051519
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.548 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
55487261635352113862…26816554620003051519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.548 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
55487261635352113862…26816554620003051521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.109 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11097452327070422772…53633109240006103039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.109 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11097452327070422772…53633109240006103041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.219 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22194904654140845545…07266218480012206079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.219 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22194904654140845545…07266218480012206081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.438 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44389809308281691090…14532436960024412159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.438 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44389809308281691090…14532436960024412161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.877 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
88779618616563382180…29064873920048824319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.877 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
88779618616563382180…29064873920048824321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,678,614 XPM·at block #6,804,319 · updates every 60s
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