Block #526,908

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/5/2014, 4:38:00 PM · Difficulty 10.8836 · 6,289,150 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
3c358f3f47fd482551beb63399bfe857da8e3d91c7c49edc1299cd2530344653

Height

#526,908

Difficulty

10.883645

Transactions

7

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae23687

Nonce

36,762,514

Timestamp

5/5/2014, 4:38:00 PM

Confirmations

6,289,150

Merkle Root

96a0b9f30f5e32f1378e1b02e618a93b257d91934d54c7734416843618f9dbbe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.730 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37309083438539498942…49728482706096125439
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.730 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37309083438539498942…49728482706096125439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.730 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37309083438539498942…49728482706096125441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.461 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
74618166877078997884…99456965412192250879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.461 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
74618166877078997884…99456965412192250881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.492 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14923633375415799576…98913930824384501759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.492 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14923633375415799576…98913930824384501761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.984 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29847266750831599153…97827861648769003519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.984 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29847266750831599153…97827861648769003521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.969 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59694533501663198307…95655723297538007039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.969 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59694533501663198307…95655723297538007041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,772,580 XPM·at block #6,816,057 · updates every 60s
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