Block #519,191

1CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 5/1/2014, 2:11:19 AM · Difficulty 10.8551 · 6,290,923 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
10a39b462f9a6a1562b930e5930473b38c8974770dff99e656644d778bd04e4f

Height

#519,191

Difficulty

10.855056

Transactions

1

Size

798 B

Version

2

Bits

0adae4fb

Nonce

185,175

Timestamp

5/1/2014, 2:11:19 AM

Confirmations

6,290,923

Merkle Root

d5996a5b3f07bcb2fed7359e9c8c1d925081abc5f8a1a0cc3136c5cc1b98dba9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.646 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
16462610294429397919…09639423437155796479
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.646 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
16462610294429397919…09639423437155796479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
3.292 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
32925220588858795839…19278846874311592959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
6.585 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
65850441177717591678…38557693748623185919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.317 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13170088235543518335…77115387497246371839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
2.634 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26340176471087036671…54230774994492743679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
5.268 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
52680352942174073342…08461549988985487359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.053 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10536070588434814668…16923099977970974719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.107 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21072141176869629337…33846199955941949439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
4.214 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42144282353739258674…67692399911883898879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
8.428 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
84288564707478517348…35384799823767797759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
11
2^10 × origin − 1
1.685 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16857712941495703469…70769599647535595519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,724,983 XPM·at block #6,810,113 · updates every 60s
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