Block #518,741

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/30/2014, 7:17:37 PM · Difficulty 10.8540 · 6,282,462 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
536d09844754ca0c3e5054309e7ab211e53f50ef8f0770316eca887745a3404c

Height

#518,741

Difficulty

10.853977

Transactions

4

Size

1.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ada9e39

Nonce

6,608

Timestamp

4/30/2014, 7:17:37 PM

Confirmations

6,282,462

Merkle Root

9af1b8b671eaf5a49b87066932cb79a8ccf1496a89dfe2e3fc5812ad78831652
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.164 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
51648098038299369267…48032942027699510561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.164 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
51648098038299369267…48032942027699510561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.032 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
10329619607659873853…96065884055399021121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.065 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
20659239215319747706…92131768110798042241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.131 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
41318478430639495413…84263536221596084481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.263 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
82636956861278990827…68527072443192168961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.652 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
16527391372255798165…37054144886384337921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.305 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
33054782744511596330…74108289772768675841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.610 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
66109565489023192661…48216579545537351681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.322 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
13221913097804638532…96433159091074703361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.644 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
26443826195609277064…92866318182149406721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
5.288 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
52887652391218554129…85732636364298813441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,653,688 XPM·at block #6,801,202 · updates every 60s
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