Block #517,944

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/30/2014, 6:50:06 AM · Difficulty 10.8525 · 6,287,099 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0f17d04af51604cd1e7a279bf7b6e0f792c01a7983fbe2993bf7a80a00f8d244

Height

#517,944

Difficulty

10.852508

Transactions

3

Size

659 B

Version

2

Bits

0ada3df4

Nonce

74,818,067

Timestamp

4/30/2014, 6:50:06 AM

Confirmations

6,287,099

Merkle Root

4d899a9747dbab6bda2db25ee8a6ad39b76866c6c8beaccc12287d9ac855e3e6
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.078 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
20782555766897787175…84375905102991257601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.078 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
20782555766897787175…84375905102991257601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.156 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
41565111533795574350…68751810205982515201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.313 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
83130223067591148700…37503620411965030401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.662 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16626044613518229740…75007240823930060801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.325 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
33252089227036459480…50014481647860121601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.650 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
66504178454072918960…00028963295720243201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.330 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
13300835690814583792…00057926591440486401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.660 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
26601671381629167584…00115853182880972801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.320 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
53203342763258335168…00231706365761945601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.064 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
10640668552651667033…00463412731523891201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,684,409 XPM·at block #6,805,042 · updates every 60s
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