Block #517,538

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 4/30/2014, 12:43:45 AM · Difficulty 10.8514 · 6,278,412 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
92ed0990695ddc96adbdd0eb9a1d25b7117fddbc7895314a8815dd5434e4e87e

Height

#517,538

Difficulty

10.851384

Transactions

8

Size

1.74 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ad9f453

Nonce

45,642,497

Timestamp

4/30/2014, 12:43:45 AM

Confirmations

6,278,412

Merkle Root

bfdbc02cfee2bb3285eda4e36fd3d19b9f40583a800ad1919b71bc49e9347a7c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.704 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17045567324727030616…48352834199779837999
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.704 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17045567324727030616…48352834199779837999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
3.409 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
34091134649454061232…96705668399559675999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
6.818 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
68182269298908122465…93411336799119351999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.363 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13636453859781624493…86822673598238703999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
2.727 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
27272907719563248986…73645347196477407999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
5.454 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
54545815439126497972…47290694392954815999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.090 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10909163087825299594…94581388785909631999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.181 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21818326175650599188…89162777571819263999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
4.363 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
43636652351301198377…78325555143638527999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
8.727 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
87273304702602396755…56651110287277055999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,611,689 XPM·at block #6,795,949 · updates every 60s
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