Block #517,199

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 4/29/2014, 7:28:21 PM · Difficulty 10.8506 · 6,291,510 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c1a964cc76678bb495de224c37c1eabdffc8f4c93162774d08ef95e22ef0d6fc

Height

#517,199

Difficulty

10.850610

Transactions

7

Size

1.53 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ad9c18d

Nonce

78,423,751

Timestamp

4/29/2014, 7:28:21 PM

Confirmations

6,291,510

Merkle Root

fe38f68702715194fd34ab60e7891632846a68569c153bacd3fc3d2c59502fda
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.957 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29578943899237449626…84063351116499276799
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
2.957 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29578943899237449626…84063351116499276799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
5.915 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
59157887798474899252…68126702232998553599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.183 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11831577559694979850…36253404465997107199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
2.366 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23663155119389959700…72506808931994214399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
4.732 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
47326310238779919401…45013617863988428799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
9.465 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
94652620477559838803…90027235727976857599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.893 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
18930524095511967760…80054471455953715199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
3.786 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
37861048191023935521…60108942911907430399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
7.572 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
75722096382047871042…20217885823814860799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
1.514 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
15144419276409574208…40435771647629721599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,713,723 XPM·at block #6,808,708 · updates every 60s
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