Block #516,948

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 4/29/2014, 3:48:10 PM · Difficulty 10.8496 · 6,292,586 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3896746e85ae500e3e70360db045316d0d4dda93bdee7f8095d9ae9f1462c411

Height

#516,948

Difficulty

10.849643

Transactions

1

Size

764 B

Version

2

Bits

0ad9823b

Nonce

72,913

Timestamp

4/29/2014, 3:48:10 PM

Confirmations

6,292,586

Merkle Root

312fe8ed7364ea3f10f3100085d0cab50bfb4982fc5144e23d143fb7e1e4abd4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.880 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
28803660691988937438…41325788588493208479
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
2.880 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
28803660691988937438…41325788588493208479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
5.760 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
57607321383977874876…82651577176986416959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.152 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
11521464276795574975…65303154353972833919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
2.304 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
23042928553591149950…30606308707945667839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
4.608 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
46085857107182299901…61212617415891335679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
9.217 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
92171714214364599802…22425234831782671359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.843 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
18434342842872919960…44850469663565342719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
3.686 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
36868685685745839921…89700939327130685439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
7.373 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
73737371371491679842…79401878654261370879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
1.474 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14747474274298335968…58803757308522741759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,720,351 XPM·at block #6,809,533 · updates every 60s
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