Block #516,140

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 4/29/2014, 4:53:37 AM · Difficulty 10.8450 · 6,311,201 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4cf30acf727e69c162f845850811f1275a31bb30efe37f88b429091ffbdf17a7

Height

#516,140

Difficulty

10.844986

Transactions

4

Size

1.63 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ad85106

Nonce

881,908

Timestamp

4/29/2014, 4:53:37 AM

Confirmations

6,311,201

Merkle Root

b8749e733a419e5a2857b7e20ca0fedce79096bd14744d34b244c9c959993c5b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.226 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22261747930048641381…11034606622578411599
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
2.226 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22261747930048641381…11034606622578411599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
4.452 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44523495860097282762…22069213245156823199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
8.904 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
89046991720194565524…44138426490313646399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.780 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17809398344038913104…88276852980627292799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
3.561 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35618796688077826209…76553705961254585599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
7.123 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
71237593376155652419…53107411922509171199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.424 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14247518675231130483…06214823845018342399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.849 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28495037350462260967…12429647690036684799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
5.699 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56990074700924521935…24859295380073369599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
1.139 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11398014940184904387…49718590760146739199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,862,836 XPM·at block #6,827,340 · updates every 60s
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