Block #515,377

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 4/28/2014, 6:16:21 PM · Difficulty 10.8410 · 6,285,430 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
54a801bd7271802161604736675ad8394e247b0954f96ba3768c89337f03953d

Height

#515,377

Difficulty

10.840983

Transactions

3

Size

800 B

Version

2

Bits

0ad74aa2

Nonce

689,276,421

Timestamp

4/28/2014, 6:16:21 PM

Confirmations

6,285,430

Merkle Root

28253484453674e4dbad5de16f4f27f4daebe9f2d9a53f831b7f2e980dcf0f82
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.377 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
43777431139893450602…59469253799478398119
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
4.377 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
43777431139893450602…59469253799478398119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
8.755 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
87554862279786901205…18938507598956796239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.751 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17510972455957380241…37877015197913592479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
3.502 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35021944911914760482…75754030395827184959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
7.004 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
70043889823829520964…51508060791654369919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
1.400 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14008777964765904192…03016121583308739839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
2.801 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28017555929531808385…06032243166617479679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
5.603 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
56035111859063616771…12064486333234959359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
1.120 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11207022371812723354…24128972666469918719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
2.241 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22414044743625446708…48257945332939837439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,650,510 XPM·at block #6,800,806 · updates every 60s
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