Block #508,516

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/24/2014, 10:52:41 AM · Difficulty 10.8185 · 6,299,201 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
bc52dd6c69a6978ffa4bc359da7031843abe28eb0709ce5ed428c83988036f80

Height

#508,516

Difficulty

10.818460

Transactions

1

Size

769 B

Version

2

Bits

0ad18697

Nonce

15,867

Timestamp

4/24/2014, 10:52:41 AM

Confirmations

6,299,201

Merkle Root

00e5ab2b6c30a52a0f5c82b0e88e4385c615ce00e1442d7563c586b724875cfe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.022 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
10221726500706572463…60022549219633531521
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.022 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
10221726500706572463…60022549219633531521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.044 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
20443453001413144927…20045098439267063041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.088 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
40886906002826289855…40090196878534126081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.177 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
81773812005652579710…80180393757068252161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.635 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
16354762401130515942…60360787514136504321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.270 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
32709524802261031884…20721575028273008641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.541 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
65419049604522063768…41443150056546017281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.308 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
13083809920904412753…82886300113092034561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.616 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
26167619841808825507…65772600226184069121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.233 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
52335239683617651014…31545200452368138241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,705,769 XPM·at block #6,807,716 · updates every 60s
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