Block #506,453

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/23/2014, 2:38:09 AM · Difficulty 10.8136 · 6,292,364 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
670f0cb739fa59f331045319b4195c8b7deafa4ced16ae7b38658b73d8d181d2

Height

#506,453

Difficulty

10.813646

Transactions

2

Size

923 B

Version

2

Bits

0ad04b19

Nonce

61,111

Timestamp

4/23/2014, 2:38:09 AM

Confirmations

6,292,364

Merkle Root

9ac2131949a2b622b18ae99a0a89102bffc42f1a0e0b66411efdaf8a2cd20566
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.230 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22308999463440016771…29707287667013771841
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.230 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22308999463440016771…29707287667013771841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.461 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44617998926880033543…59414575334027543681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.923 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
89235997853760067087…18829150668055087361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.784 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17847199570752013417…37658301336110174721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.569 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35694399141504026835…75316602672220349441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.138 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
71388798283008053670…50633205344440698881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.427 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14277759656601610734…01266410688881397761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.855 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28555519313203221468…02532821377762795521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.711 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
57111038626406442936…05065642755525591041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.142 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11422207725281288587…10131285511051182081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,634,564 XPM·at block #6,798,816 · updates every 60s
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