Block #503,203

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/20/2014, 10:51:45 PM · Difficulty 10.8080 · 6,300,253 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
fd3f9f9bc607d1c7a49f2bb4deae7aff47436727a9eae17768bdfb5d73a8e98c

Height

#503,203

Difficulty

10.807964

Transactions

11

Size

2.40 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aced6c1

Nonce

176,823

Timestamp

4/20/2014, 10:51:45 PM

Confirmations

6,300,253

Merkle Root

75ce92bea3fca0cc61c568f6242e29f0d045dc84d8b22352ca4b3077f80eb049
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.038 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
50381360724500772241…45975797720539340801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.038 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
50381360724500772241…45975797720539340801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.007 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
10076272144900154448…91951595441078681601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.015 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
20152544289800308896…83903190882157363201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.030 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
40305088579600617792…67806381764314726401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.061 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
80610177159201235585…35612763528629452801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.612 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
16122035431840247117…71225527057258905601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.224 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
32244070863680494234…42451054114517811201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.448 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
64488141727360988468…84902108229035622401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.289 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
12897628345472197693…69804216458071244801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.579 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
25795256690944395387…39608432916142489601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,671,675 XPM·at block #6,803,455 · updates every 60s
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