Block #499,283

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/18/2014, 12:55:16 PM · Difficulty 10.7895 · 6,318,486 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e461e650c192f4d17a38b31c0c4cba6746634025a4eb39f46c52d708773c80f7

Height

#499,283

Difficulty

10.789515

Transactions

3

Size

1.00 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aca1da9

Nonce

408

Timestamp

4/18/2014, 12:55:16 PM

Confirmations

6,318,486

Merkle Root

8b432dd00079a11b89c13e47b1b4d04b37a2af8ae8e637cd0d13e712807ac5c8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.027 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60273670847240763725…61012212742332334081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.027 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60273670847240763725…61012212742332334081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.205 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12054734169448152745…22024425484664668161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.410 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24109468338896305490…44048850969329336321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.821 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
48218936677792610980…88097701938658672641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.643 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
96437873355585221960…76195403877317345281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.928 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19287574671117044392…52390807754634690561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.857 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
38575149342234088784…04781615509269381121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.715 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
77150298684468177568…09563231018538762241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.543 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15430059736893635513…19126462037077524481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.086 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
30860119473787271027…38252924074155048961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,786,209 XPM·at block #6,817,768 · updates every 60s
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