Block #497,219

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/17/2014, 11:51:26 AM · Difficulty 10.7645 · 6,312,543 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
fd708ba4bf80067f6dca6d15ff9b822eda5757b7f23de86d2e9cd5b09d746bae

Height

#497,219

Difficulty

10.764516

Transactions

5

Size

1.73 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ac3b754

Nonce

23,194

Timestamp

4/17/2014, 11:51:26 AM

Confirmations

6,312,543

Merkle Root

a01b310c94612abf3954467eb885c1afbbcd62992d0087288a9e46e814599092
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.888 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68885539969801034136…37264273484250762481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.888 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68885539969801034136…37264273484250762481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.377 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13777107993960206827…74528546968501524961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.755 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27554215987920413654…49057093937003049921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.510 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55108431975840827309…98114187874006099841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.102 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11021686395168165461…96228375748012199681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.204 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22043372790336330923…92456751496024399361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.408 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44086745580672661847…84913502992048798721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.817 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
88173491161345323694…69827005984097597441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.763 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17634698232269064738…39654011968195194881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.526 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35269396464538129477…79308023936390389761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,722,183 XPM·at block #6,809,761 · updates every 60s
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