Block #497,054

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/17/2014, 9:50:14 AM · Difficulty 10.7625 · 6,307,845 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a231211c51ed8f81f2c82acfc621d8be9584d7ef97d550de0e612a54f6dc52be

Height

#497,054

Difficulty

10.762495

Transactions

7

Size

1.53 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ac332db

Nonce

1,018,553,084

Timestamp

4/17/2014, 9:50:14 AM

Confirmations

6,307,845

Merkle Root

60c04cbde12717515bae1b89b0ebf91d5993b9f5dc3f40a400e6d5a3a9cf5265
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.955 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19552252666466456402…92862162617278461441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.955 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19552252666466456402…92862162617278461441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.910 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
39104505332932912805…85724325234556922881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.820 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
78209010665865825610…71448650469113845761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.564 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15641802133173165122…42897300938227691521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.128 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
31283604266346330244…85794601876455383041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.256 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
62567208532692660488…71589203752910766081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.251 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12513441706538532097…43178407505821532161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.502 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
25026883413077064195…86356815011643064321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.005 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
50053766826154128390…72713630023286128641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.001 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10010753365230825678…45427260046572257281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,683,263 XPM·at block #6,804,898 · updates every 60s
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