Block #495,612

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/16/2014, 5:09:01 PM · Difficulty 10.7407 · 6,309,166 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b97bf78482178ec79dd197011bf641ca7a4e5c7a03980cc3bc0baadc48ece6f5

Height

#495,612

Difficulty

10.740659

Transactions

13

Size

3.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

0abd9bd5

Nonce

271,492,980

Timestamp

4/16/2014, 5:09:01 PM

Confirmations

6,309,166

Merkle Root

13749da18e3e1277f62626c6a84df0767f30e718c7067955b8e0d249faf05658
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.986 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49867633465449353630…85328943541249025601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.986 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49867633465449353630…85328943541249025601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.973 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
99735266930898707260…70657887082498051201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.994 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19947053386179741452…41315774164996102401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.989 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39894106772359482904…82631548329992204801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.978 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79788213544718965808…65263096659984409601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.595 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15957642708943793161…30526193319968819201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.191 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31915285417887586323…61052386639937638401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.383 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63830570835775172646…22104773279875276801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.276 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12766114167155034529…44209546559750553601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.553 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25532228334310069058…88419093119501107201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,682,287 XPM·at block #6,804,777 · updates every 60s
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