Block #495,140

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/16/2014, 12:14:12 PM · Difficulty 10.7313 · 6,297,841 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
41532614f2977730cac803e14936eb8a98be14073d5178ae562ddf3ecd80377c

Height

#495,140

Difficulty

10.731282

Transactions

8

Size

2.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

0abb3549

Nonce

342,666,333

Timestamp

4/16/2014, 12:14:12 PM

Confirmations

6,297,841

Merkle Root

305b213f6999ec50616864d197a089318d5cf3abc505d2249c48655b4f84e447
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.280 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
92801300696901316321…68000932202004695041
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.280 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
92801300696901316321…68000932202004695041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.856 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18560260139380263264…36001864404009390081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.712 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37120520278760526528…72003728808018780161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.424 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
74241040557521053057…44007457616037560321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.484 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14848208111504210611…88014915232075120641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.969 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29696416223008421222…76029830464150241281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.939 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59392832446016842445…52059660928300482561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.187 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11878566489203368489…04119321856600965121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.375 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23757132978406736978…08238643713201930241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.751 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
47514265956813473956…16477287426403860481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,587,830 XPM·at block #6,792,980 · updates every 60s
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