Block #493,976

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/15/2014, 10:48:09 PM · Difficulty 10.7111 · 6,308,573 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e9b2809c609fccc7c430230ba110ca53d8d2a6a18eedbeba853ff96fbcea56e1

Height

#493,976

Difficulty

10.711074

Transactions

2

Size

583 B

Version

2

Bits

0ab608f1

Nonce

294,156,805

Timestamp

4/15/2014, 10:48:09 PM

Confirmations

6,308,573

Merkle Root

5c7c55be7345ae189153d43658362dc090a84775798eb1b12d29482b5edd2a3d
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.345 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23456812559450044660…95024921218493440001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.345 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23456812559450044660…95024921218493440001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.691 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46913625118900089320…90049842436986880001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.382 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
93827250237800178640…80099684873973760001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.876 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18765450047560035728…60199369747947520001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.753 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37530900095120071456…20398739495895040001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.506 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
75061800190240142912…40797478991790080001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.501 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15012360038048028582…81594957983580160001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.002 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
30024720076096057165…63189915967160320001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.004 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
60049440152192114330…26379831934320640001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.200 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12009888030438422866…52759663868641280001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,664,404 XPM·at block #6,802,548 · updates every 60s
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