Block #493,271

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/15/2014, 3:00:42 PM · Difficulty 10.6970 · 6,320,941 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3f49319c7863b1c87de9a40550c58fe0c22c85e2ff8f58c64e91736921033a25

Height

#493,271

Difficulty

10.696991

Transactions

5

Size

1.09 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ab26dfd

Nonce

249,878,874

Timestamp

4/15/2014, 3:00:42 PM

Confirmations

6,320,941

Merkle Root

07a6152c2f4d981aa3645611264d4332a067b84e550842fbe821a81061d7b54b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.091 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10913275748025052754…61118254118072103041
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.091 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10913275748025052754…61118254118072103041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.182 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21826551496050105508…22236508236144206081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.365 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
43653102992100211017…44473016472288412161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.730 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87306205984200422034…88946032944576824321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.746 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17461241196840084406…77892065889153648641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.492 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34922482393680168813…55784131778307297281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.984 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
69844964787360337627…11568263556614594561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.396 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13968992957472067525…23136527113229189121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.793 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
27937985914944135051…46273054226458378241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.587 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
55875971829888270102…92546108452916756481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,757,764 XPM·at block #6,814,211 · updates every 60s
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