Block #493,046

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/15/2014, 12:25:49 PM · Difficulty 10.6927 · 6,323,104 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
09b80e40366f2d6e9311843ae47ce3f7de1c1ecd06c817de642f7e0c71538d95

Height

#493,046

Difficulty

10.692739

Transactions

2

Size

1.13 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ab15755

Nonce

18,885,951

Timestamp

4/15/2014, 12:25:49 PM

Confirmations

6,323,104

Merkle Root

82a502b4dbe4281522e0a899b2bebde6bc3c2c763a71d55a52144109696e97fb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.230 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
12304351834465805095…73047613393444351201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.230 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
12304351834465805095…73047613393444351201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.460 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24608703668931610191…46095226786888702401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.921 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49217407337863220383…92190453573777404801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.843 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
98434814675726440767…84380907147554809601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.968 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19686962935145288153…68761814295109619201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.937 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39373925870290576307…37523628590219238401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.874 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
78747851740581152614…75047257180438476801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.574 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15749570348116230522…50094514360876953601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.149 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
31499140696232461045…00189028721753907201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.299 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
62998281392464922091…00378057443507814401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,773,321 XPM·at block #6,816,149 · updates every 60s
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