Block #491,206

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/14/2014, 8:58:04 AM · Difficulty 10.6803 · 6,307,176 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
737460a1de5544a4b1f130d98e48fc29961310ce123796f8c9d9c7ba507eb198

Height

#491,206

Difficulty

10.680273

Transactions

4

Size

1.51 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aae265c

Nonce

253,750

Timestamp

4/14/2014, 8:58:04 AM

Confirmations

6,307,176

Merkle Root

67a9445ec1cbe24f94caf747473a0f95aaf0c4a4154bb7f3748ba70e8aa02246
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.683 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
16838123275665186682…37798832540154572801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.683 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
16838123275665186682…37798832540154572801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.367 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
33676246551330373365…75597665080309145601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.735 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
67352493102660746730…51195330160618291201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.347 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13470498620532149346…02390660321236582401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.694 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
26940997241064298692…04781320642473164801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.388 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
53881994482128597384…09562641284946329601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.077 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10776398896425719476…19125282569892659201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.155 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
21552797792851438953…38250565139785318401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.310 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
43105595585702877907…76501130279570636801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.621 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
86211191171405755814…53002260559141273601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,631,062 XPM·at block #6,798,381 · updates every 60s
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