Block #490,750

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/14/2014, 1:41:12 AM · Difficulty 10.6792 · 6,312,749 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
051b3b09607b04c5be7160c7f570da72951ee80b0e54a9c8c6750e1d835ad3bd

Height

#490,750

Difficulty

10.679185

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aaddf0a

Nonce

69,861,633

Timestamp

4/14/2014, 1:41:12 AM

Confirmations

6,312,749

Merkle Root

dc447375a64f558c477a2faadd5751ec9716e55e5567459c7cea33432ded362b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.672 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46721065197191191008…69878001248635202561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.672 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46721065197191191008…69878001248635202561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.344 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
93442130394382382017…39756002497270405121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.868 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18688426078876476403…79512004994540810241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.737 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37376852157752952806…59024009989081620481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.475 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
74753704315505905613…18048019978163240961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.495 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14950740863101181122…36096039956326481921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.990 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29901481726202362245…72192079912652963841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.980 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59802963452404724491…44384159825305927681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.196 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11960592690480944898…88768319650611855361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.392 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23921185380961889796…77536639301223710721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,672,023 XPM·at block #6,803,498 · updates every 60s
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