Block #490,630

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/13/2014, 11:46:18 PM · Difficulty 10.6786 · 6,302,353 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
036ccafb80ff5671946cbf52f5e36ddcd6bca8db0dcf0f6dad1537008ff0a75b

Height

#490,630

Difficulty

10.678637

Transactions

9

Size

2.79 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aadbb2b

Nonce

31,768,472

Timestamp

4/13/2014, 11:46:18 PM

Confirmations

6,302,353

Merkle Root

9f2a89fc9d741a15c92c66484c84d4fbf74e0e9ed15c2cd7ecd81a5e35da1cfe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.370 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13709092725267886303…60583145870467066721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.370 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13709092725267886303…60583145870467066721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.741 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27418185450535772606…21166291740934133441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.483 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
54836370901071545212…42332583481868266881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.096 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10967274180214309042…84665166963736533761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.193 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21934548360428618084…69330333927473067521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.386 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
43869096720857236169…38660667854946135041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.773 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87738193441714472339…77321335709892270081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.754 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17547638688342894467…54642671419784540161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.509 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
35095277376685788935…09285342839569080321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
7.019 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
70190554753371577871…18570685679138160641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,587,846 XPM·at block #6,792,982 · updates every 60s
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