Block #490,561

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/13/2014, 10:48:13 PM · Difficulty 10.6779 · 6,317,913 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
054afb98cd9f873cbd28d05a2f9c75662eb494314a785a2c00fb93ae0f7c1ba5

Height

#490,561

Difficulty

10.677909

Transactions

1

Size

903 B

Version

2

Bits

0aad8b74

Nonce

16,313

Timestamp

4/13/2014, 10:48:13 PM

Confirmations

6,317,913

Merkle Root

1a42abd45fbe7525c54e984f9b1a9f68749d234f0c89dfb5eb64798937fdfea7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.976 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29766327019898305274…41896761860210630401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.976 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29766327019898305274…41896761860210630401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.953 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
59532654039796610549…83793523720421260801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.190 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11906530807959322109…67587047440842521601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.381 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23813061615918644219…35174094881685043201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.762 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
47626123231837288439…70348189763370086401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.525 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
95252246463674576878…40696379526740172801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.905 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
19050449292734915375…81392759053480345601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.810 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
38100898585469830751…62785518106960691201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.620 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
76201797170939661502…25571036213921382401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.524 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
15240359434187932300…51142072427842764801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,711,841 XPM·at block #6,808,473 · updates every 60s
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