Block #489,320

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/13/2014, 5:34:04 AM · Difficulty 10.6643 · 6,315,488 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b8d85538e7f867a0e72c8e2c5909a002b4ccd3c3eb5bf70dc9005bca52bc7004

Height

#489,320

Difficulty

10.664251

Transactions

6

Size

1.59 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aaa0c5e

Nonce

2,712,315

Timestamp

4/13/2014, 5:34:04 AM

Confirmations

6,315,488

Merkle Root

4bc422eed1ef20e27f932004a331d3aef8f621916197d195c5a3b0c36387b646
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.527 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
35271759879185537355…90962051199102658561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.527 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
35271759879185537355…90962051199102658561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.054 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
70543519758371074711…81924102398205317121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.410 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14108703951674214942…63848204796410634241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.821 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28217407903348429884…27696409592821268481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.643 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
56434815806696859769…55392819185642536961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.128 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11286963161339371953…10785638371285073921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.257 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22573926322678743907…21571276742570147841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.514 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
45147852645357487815…43142553485140295681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.029 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
90295705290714975630…86285106970280591361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.805 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18059141058142995126…72570213940561182721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,682,532 XPM·at block #6,804,807 · updates every 60s
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