Block #486,167

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/11/2014, 11:18:13 AM · Difficulty 10.6199 · 6,307,512 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a05f99f35df1f3730e51022a5bc12787fdf04f99f1804edc5db9477c4b4b12ca

Height

#486,167

Difficulty

10.619941

Transactions

2

Size

1.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a9eb472

Nonce

2,163

Timestamp

4/11/2014, 11:18:13 AM

Confirmations

6,307,512

Merkle Root

50713a18237563deb11fe9640b5a5a071210a27962e1be8e3ec4e39e0a0b6b9e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.343 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23435621238232633306…47515765579771847681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.343 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23435621238232633306…47515765579771847681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.687 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
46871242476465266613…95031531159543695361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.374 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
93742484952930533227…90063062319087390721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.874 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18748496990586106645…80126124638174781441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.749 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37496993981172213291…60252249276349562881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.499 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
74993987962344426582…20504498552699125761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.499 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14998797592468885316…41008997105398251521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.999 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
29997595184937770632…82017994210796503041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.999 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
59995190369875541265…64035988421593006081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.199 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11999038073975108253…28071976843186012161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,593,431 XPM·at block #6,793,678 · updates every 60s
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