Block #48,250

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/15/2013, 2:29:43 PM · Difficulty 8.8405 · 6,778,969 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
33747714f147831c11dda4b4abddaa7fa73db759c7b809642ad56ba356fb9dfa

Height

#48,250

Difficulty

8.840522

Transactions

2

Size

1.12 KB

Version

2

Bits

08d72c73

Nonce

83

Timestamp

7/15/2013, 2:29:43 PM

Confirmations

6,778,969

Merkle Root

96e80a3f8d25c86dc65833eee052cd1cc2efda313b5b702e6c59d2d0fd6d0f44
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.982 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19825788074968075172…90019815781860244321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.982 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19825788074968075172…90019815781860244321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.965 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39651576149936150344…80039631563720488641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.930 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79303152299872300688…60079263127440977281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.586 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15860630459974460137…20158526254881954561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.172 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31721260919948920275…40317052509763909121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.344 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63442521839897840551…80634105019527818241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.268 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12688504367979568110…61268210039055636481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.537 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25377008735959136220…22536420078111272961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,861,849 XPM·at block #6,827,218 · updates every 60s
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