Block #481,742

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/9/2014, 2:04:26 AM · Difficulty 10.5362 · 6,327,704 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5cad48192e89a353397e121217ccd15a3d5465121f4649ebd7d032fa45048d97

Height

#481,742

Difficulty

10.536213

Transactions

8

Size

1.88 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a894545

Nonce

600,780

Timestamp

4/9/2014, 2:04:26 AM

Confirmations

6,327,704

Merkle Root

56bfa33f21b5ff54d71c67f42f887d0b4ba1db469fce69d4759910b672d7d086
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.289 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
22894259506642450640…71709975471532862811
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.289 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
22894259506642450640…71709975471532862811
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.578 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
45788519013284901281…43419950943065725621
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.157 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
91577038026569802562…86839901886131451241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.831 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18315407605313960512…73679803772262902481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.663 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36630815210627921024…47359607544525804961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.326 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
73261630421255842049…94719215089051609921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.465 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14652326084251168409…89438430178103219841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.930 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29304652168502336819…78876860356206439681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.860 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58609304337004673639…57753720712412879361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.172 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11721860867400934727…15507441424825758721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,719,639 XPM·at block #6,809,445 · updates every 60s
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