Block #480,945

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/8/2014, 2:37:44 PM · Difficulty 10.5253 · 6,317,708 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5753afaab5cf5fca377732ceab4da4f936ed0dafbbb9f61861c8e5456015aa11

Height

#480,945

Difficulty

10.525338

Transactions

5

Size

1.83 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a867c8f

Nonce

9,100,204

Timestamp

4/8/2014, 2:37:44 PM

Confirmations

6,317,708

Merkle Root

7fe92b3c1a9ab8f051a215eb3a3b9321f959b2b3721573cb09d7b6903fc37682
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.427 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
54279925872326897337…21656018922999414401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.427 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
54279925872326897337…21656018922999414401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.085 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10855985174465379467…43312037845998828801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.171 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21711970348930758935…86624075691997657601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.342 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
43423940697861517870…73248151383995315201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.684 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
86847881395723035740…46496302767990630401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.736 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17369576279144607148…92992605535981260801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.473 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
34739152558289214296…85985211071962521601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.947 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
69478305116578428592…71970422143925043201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.389 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13895661023315685718…43940844287850086401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.779 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27791322046631371436…87881688575700172801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,633,248 XPM·at block #6,798,652 · updates every 60s
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