Block #477,427

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/6/2014, 11:13:56 AM · Difficulty 10.4815 · 6,332,887 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0010b4fd3a57acfac4ce80d7f712a05873e51ef090339cf68a321460ce113505

Height

#477,427

Difficulty

10.481485

Transactions

4

Size

4.54 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a7b4296

Nonce

294,488

Timestamp

4/6/2014, 11:13:56 AM

Confirmations

6,332,887

Merkle Root

c5bd4bc8f6c683e4e5c5ade38cddb7788d545d98b6a936f8a8ffd428e5dfbae5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.513 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15134577093311154012…38948892155526692161
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.513 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15134577093311154012…38948892155526692161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.026 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
30269154186622308024…77897784311053384321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.053 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
60538308373244616048…55795568622106768641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.210 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12107661674648923209…11591137244213537281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.421 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
24215323349297846419…23182274488427074561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.843 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
48430646698595692839…46364548976854149121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.686 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
96861293397191385678…92729097953708298241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.937 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
19372258679438277135…85458195907416596481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.874 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
38744517358876554271…70916391814833192961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
7.748 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
77489034717753108542…41832783629666385921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,726,589 XPM·at block #6,810,313 · updates every 60s
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