Block #476,669

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/5/2014, 11:22:24 PM · Difficulty 10.4768 · 6,329,211 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
ba70bda459ac6950c15939e8caf1bf77beb26b25023fb55e4d67e2f5f7407ae4

Height

#476,669

Difficulty

10.476770

Transactions

6

Size

1.30 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a7a0d91

Nonce

3,804,236

Timestamp

4/5/2014, 11:22:24 PM

Confirmations

6,329,211

Merkle Root

abb68e5bda639a4c77e4454a252242f46a1c24819ebfc24a2915c2406d3cd288
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.868 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38682960334557616387…63283977036202827521
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.868 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38682960334557616387…63283977036202827521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.736 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
77365920669115232775…26567954072405655041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.547 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15473184133823046555…53135908144811310081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.094 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
30946368267646093110…06271816289622620161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.189 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
61892736535292186220…12543632579245240321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.237 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12378547307058437244…25087265158490480641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.475 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
24757094614116874488…50174530316980961281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.951 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49514189228233748976…00349060633961922561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.902 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
99028378456467497952…00698121267923845121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.980 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19805675691293499590…01396242535847690241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,691,125 XPM·at block #6,805,879 · updates every 60s
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